Few things are more disappointing than pulling a favorite sweater from the closet and noticing small fuzz balls scattered across the surface. These tiny knots, known as pills, can make even high-quality knitwear look worn. The reassuring news is that pilling is common and entirely natural. Knowing why it happens—and how to manage it—can help you keep your wool and cashmere pieces looking polished season after season.
Pilling occurs when loose fibers rise to the fabric’s surface and tangle together due to friction. Everyday movement plays a role: coats rubbing against sleeves, handbags brushing the sides, or even the gentle agitation of washing can trigger the process. Softer, finer fibers are actually more prone to pilling because they move more freely within the knit. Importantly, this is not a sign of poor craftsmanship. It’s simply the fabric responding to normal wear.
The good news is that pilling is usually cosmetic and doesn’t affect warmth or durability. You’ll often see it in high-contact areas such as under the arms or along the sides. Instead of setting the sweater aside, you can refresh it easily at home. Lightly brushing the surface with a fabric comb or sweater shaver is effective. In a pinch, a clean, slightly textured sponge or a soft toothbrush can gently lift pills without damaging the knit. Always work slowly and test on a small area first.
Prevention is equally important. Turn sweaters inside out before washing, choose a gentle cold cycle, and avoid mixing them with rough materials like denim. Lay knits flat to dry and store them folded rather than hanging to preserve their shape. With thoughtful care and simple maintenance, your favorite sweaters can remain soft, stylish, and comfortable for many winters to come.